Matthias Claudius

Matthias Claudius
www.hymntime.com/tch
Short Name: Matthias Claudius
Full Name: Claudius, Matthias, 1740-1815
Birth Year: 1740
Death Year: 1815

Claudius, Matthias, son of Matthias Claudius, Lutheran pastor at Reinfeld in Holstein (near Lübeck), was born at Reinfeld, Aug. 15, 1740. An ancestor, who died as a Lutheran pastor in 1586, had Latinized his name, Claus Paulsen, to Claudius Pauli, and his descendants had adopted Claudius as their surname. Claudius entered the University of Jena, in 1759, as a student of theology, but being troubled with an affection of the chest, and finding little attraction in the Rationalism of Jena, he turned his attention to law and languages. After a short visit to Copenhagen, as private secretary to a Danish count, he joined in 1768 the staff of the Hamburg News Agency (Adress-Comptoirnachrichten). Removing to Wandsbeck, near Hamburg, he undertook in 1771 the editing of the literary portion of the Wandsbecker Bote, and contributed a number of his poems to the Göttingen Musen-Almanach. In 1776 he was appointed one of the Commissioners of Agriculture and Manufactures of Hesse-Darmstadt, and in 1777 editor of the official Hesse-Darmstadt newspaper, which he conducted in the same spirit as his Wandsbeck Bote. At Darmstadt he became acquainted with Goethe (then living near by at Frankfurt), and with a circle of freethinking philosophers. During a severe illness in 1777, he realised, however, the spiritual emptiness of the life at Darmstadt; the buried seeds sown in his youth sprang up; and he once more became in faith as a little child. Renouncing position and income, he returned to Wandsbeck to re-edit the Bote, which he conducted in a distinctively Christian spirit. In 1788 he was appointed by the Crown Prince of Denmark auditor of the Scheswig-Holstein Bank at Altona, but continued to reside at Wandsbeck till 1813, when he was forced by the war to flee, and was unable to return till May, 1814. The next year he removed to the house of his eldest daughter in Hamburg, and died there Jan. 21, 1815 (Koch, vi. 417-429; Allg. Deutsche Biographie, iv. 279-281). His fugitive pieces appeared in two parts as Asmus omnia sua secum portans; oder sammtliche Werke des Wandsbecker Bothen, Wandsbeck and Hamburg, 1774 (pt. iii. 1777, iv. 1782, v. 1789, vi. 1797, vii. 1802, viii. 1812). While much of his poetry was distinctively Christian in its spirit, and many of his pieces might rank as popular sacred songs, yet he wrote no hymns designed for use in Church. Three pieces have, however, passed into the German hymn-books, all of which have been translated into English, viz.:—
i. Das Grab ist leer, das Grab ist leer. [Easter.] First published in pt. viii., 1812, as above, p. 121, in 10 stanzas. Translated as "The grave is empty now, its prey," by Dr. H. Mills, 1859, printed in Schaff’s Christ in Song, 1870.
ii. Der Mond ist aufgegangen. [Evening.] His finest hymn, conceived in a child-like, popular spirit—a companion to the more famous hymn, "Nun ruhen alle Walder " (q. v.). According to tradition it was composed during his residence at Darmstadt, 1762, while walking on the so-called Schnempelweg, a footpath leading by the river-side up to the Odenwald. First published in J. H. Voss's Musen-Almanach, Hamburg, 1770, p. 184, and then in pt. iv., 1782, as above, p. 57, in 7 stanzas of 6 lines. Included as No. 452 in the Oldenburg Gesang-Buch, 1791, as No. 570 in the Württemberg Gesang-Buch, 1842, and No. 509 in the Unverfälschter Liedersegen, 1851. The only translation in common use is:—
The silent moon is risen, good and full, as No. 322, in the Ohio Lutheran Hymnal, 1880.

Other translations are:—
(1) "The fair moon hath ascended," in the British Magazine, Nov. 1837, p. 518. (2) "The moon on high Is beaming,",by H. J. Buckoll, 1842, p. 105. (3) "The moon hath risen on high," by Miss Winkworth, 1855, p. 229 (1876, p. 231). (4) "The moon up heaven is going," by J. D. Bums, in Family Treasury, 1860, p. 92, repeated in his Memoir, 1869, p. 269. (5) “The moon is upwards climbing," by Miss Manington, 1863, p. 124. (6) "The moon is up in splendour," by E. Massie, 1866,
E. 115. (7) "The moon hath risen clear," in Alice Lucas's Trs.from German Poets, 1876, p. 12. (8) "The moon is up and beaming," in Mrs. A. W. Johns's Original Poems and Translations, 1882, p. 61.
iii. Im Anfang war's auf Erden. [Harvest.] First published in pt. iv., 1782, as above, p. 42, in 17 stanzas of 4 lines, and chorus (see also G. W. Fink's Musikalischer Hausschatz der Deutschen, Altona, 1860, No. 77). It occurs in a sketch entitled, Paid Erdmann's Fest. The neighbours are represented as coming to Paul's house and there singing this so-called “Peasants' Song," the last four stanzas of which specially relate to the occasion; the stanzas being sung as a solo, and all joining in the chorus. It can hardly be called a hymn, though it has passed into a few German hymnals principally for use in school. Beginning, "Auf! Lasset Gott uns loben," 10 stanzas were included as No. 482 in the Oldenburg G. B., 1791. In T. Fliedner's Liederbuch, Kaiserswerth, 1842, No. 95 begins with stanza vii., "Was nah ist und was feme." The form most popular is that beginning with stanza iii., "Wir pflügen und wir streuen," as in Dr. Wichern's Unsere Lieder, Hamburg, 1844, No. 55, and other collections.

Translations in common use:—
1. We plough the fields and scatter, by Miss J. M. Campbell, contributed to the Rev. C. S. Bere's Garland of Songs, Lond., 1861, p. 61 (later eds. p. 27). A free rendering in 3 stanzas of 8 lines, with chorus, entitled, "Thanksgiving for the Harvest." Since its reception into the Appendix to Hymns Ancient & Modern, 1868 (No. 360, ed. 1875, No. 383), it has passed into numerous hymnals in Great Britain, and America. In Thring's Collection, 1882, No. 609, st. iv., "Our souls, Blest Saviour, gather," is an original stanza by Rev. H. Downton, added to supply some distinctly Christian expressions to the hymn, and first published in the Record newspaper in 1875.
2. We plough the fertile meadows. Of this translation there are two forms greatly differing, both ascribed to Dr. S. F. Smith, but whether either form is really by him we have failed to ascertain. What seems to be the original form, in 6 stanzas of 4 lines and chorus, is found in the Methodist Free Church Sunday School Hymns; Curwen's New Child's Own Hymn Book &c. The other form, in 3 stanzas of 8 lines and chorus, is in Allon's Supplemental Hymns; New Congregational Hymn Book, &c.
3. We plough the ground, we sow the seed, in 4 stanzas of 8 lines with chorus, without name of translation, is No. 215 in G. S. Jellicoe's Collection, 1867. [Rev. James Mearns, M.A.]

--Excerpts from John Julian, Dictionary of Hymnology (1907)


Texts by Matthias Claudius (31)sort descendingAsAuthority LanguagesInstances
A terra semeamosMatthias Claudius (Author)Portuguese2
All good gifts around usMatthias Claudius (Author)English3
Aramos nuestros camposMathias Claudius (Author)Spanish10
Das Grab ist leer, das Grab ist leer, erstanden ist der HeldMatthias Claudius (Author)German16
Der Mond ist aufgegangenMatthias Claudius (Author)German15
Der Winter ist ein rechter MannMatthias Claudius (Author)German3
Dies ist die Nacht, da mir erschienenM. Claudius (Author (v. 2))German1
Ein Sternlein stand am HimmelMatthias Claudius (Author)German6
Einst unser Herr auf Erden war [ging]M. Claudius (Author)German9
Es stand ein Sternlein am HimmelMatthias Claudius (Author)German4
He! vokatra ny tanyM. Claudius (Author)Malagasy2
Ich danke Gott und freue michMatthias Claudius (Author)German2
Ich sehe oft um MitternachtMatthias Claudius (Author)German2
Im Anfang war's auf Erden nur finster, wüst und leerM. Claudius (Author)German4
Już księżyc wzeszedł jasnoMatthias Claudius (Author)Polish2
Lanzamos en la siembraMatthias Claudius, 1740-1815 (Author)Spanish2
Mwezi umechipukaMatthias Claudius (Author)Swahili2
Seht uns're lieben Bäume anMatthias Claudius (Author)German4
Stimmt an mit hellem, hohen KlangMatthias Claudius, 1757-1815 (Author)German2
The moon hath risen on highClaudius (Author)English5
The silent moon is risenMatthias Claudius (Author)English2
Twalima na kupandaMatthias Claudius (Author)Swahili2
Üb immer Treu' und RedlichkeitMatthias Claudius, 1740-1815 (Author)German1
War einst ein Riese GoliathMatthias Claudius (Author)German4
Was nah ist und was ferneMatthias Claudius (Author)German3
We plough the fields, and scatterMatthias Claudius (Author)English373
We plough the fertile meadowsMatthias Claudius (Author)English9
Wenn jemand eine Reise tutMatthias Claudius (Author)2
Wir pflügen und wir streuenMatthias Claudius, 1740-1815 (Author)German11
Wir wollen ihm die Krippe schmückenMatthias Claudius, 1740-1815 (Author (v. 1))German3
Zum Himmel erhebe dich, FreudengesangMatthias Claudius (Author)German5

See also...

Suggestions or corrections? Contact us